QFile¶

Inherited by: QTemporaryFile

Synopsis¶

Functions¶

def copy (newName)
def error ()
def exists ()
def fileName ()
def flush ()
def handle ()
def link (newName)
def map (offset, size[, flags=NoOptions])
def open (fd, flags)
def open (fd, ioFlags, handleFlags)
def permissions ()
def readLink ()
def remove ()
def rename (newName)
def resize (sz)
def setFileName (name)
def setPermissions (permissionSpec)
def symLinkTarget ()
def unmap (address)
def unsetError ()

Virtual functions¶

def fileEngine ()

Static functions¶

def copy (fileName, newName)
def decodeName (localFileName)
def decodeName (localFileName)
def encodeName (fileName)
def exists (fileName)
def link (oldname, newName)
def permissions (filename)
def readLink (fileName)
def remove (fileName)
def rename (oldName, newName)
def resize (filename, sz)
def setPermissions (filename, permissionSpec)
def symLinkTarget (fileName)

Detailed Description¶

The PySide.QtCore.QFile class provides an interface for reading from and writing to files.

PySide.QtCore.QFile is an I/O device for reading and writing text and binary files and resources . A PySide.QtCore.QFile may be used by itself or, more conveniently, with a PySide.QtCore.QTextStream or PySide.QtCore.QDataStream .

The file name is usually passed in the constructor, but it can be set at any time using PySide.QtCore.QFile.setFileName() . PySide.QtCore.QFile expects the file separator to be ‘/’ regardless of operating system. The use of other separators (e.g., ‘’) is not supported.

You can check for a file’s existence using PySide.QtCore.QFile.exists() , and remove a file using PySide.QtCore.QFile.remove() . (More advanced file system related operations are provided by PySide.QtCore.QFileInfo and PySide.QtCore.QDir .)

The file is opened with PySide.QtCore.QFile.open() , closed with PySide.QtCore.QFile.close() , and flushed with PySide.QtCore.QFile.flush() . Data is usually read and written using PySide.QtCore.QDataStream or PySide.QtCore.QTextStream , but you can also call the PySide.QtCore.QIODevice -inherited functions PySide.QtCore.QIODevice.read() , PySide.QtCore.QIODevice.readLine() , PySide.QtCore.QIODevice.readAll() , PySide.QtCore.QIODevice.write() . PySide.QtCore.QFile also inherits PySide.QtCore.QIODevice.getChar() , PySide.QtCore.QIODevice.putChar() , and PySide.QtCore.QIODevice.ungetChar() , which work one character at a time.

The size of the file is returned by PySide.QtCore.QFile.size() . You can get the current file position using PySide.QtCore.QFile.pos() , or move to a new file position using PySide.QtCore.QFile.seek() . If you’ve reached the end of the file, PySide.QtCore.QFile.atEnd() returns true.

Reading Files Directly¶

The following example reads a text file line by line:
file = QFile("in.txt")
if not file.open(QIODevice.ReadOnly | QIODevice.Text):
    return

while not file.atEnd():
    line = file.readLine() # A QByteArray
    process_line(line)
The QIODevice.Text flag passed to PySide.QtCore.QFile.open() tells Qt to convert Windows-style line terminators (“rn”) into C++-style terminators (“n”). By default, PySide.QtCore.QFile assumes binary, i.e. it doesn’t perform any conversion on the bytes stored in the file.

Using Streams to Read Files¶

The next example uses PySide.QtCore.QTextStream to read a text file line by line:
file = QFile("in.txt")
if not file.open(QIODevice.ReadOnly | QIODevice.Text):
    return

in = QTextStream(file)
while not in.atEnd():
    line = in.readLine() # A QByteArray
    process_line(line)
PySide.QtCore.QTextStream takes care of converting the 8-bit data stored on disk into a 16-bit Unicode PySide.QtCore.QString . By default, it assumes that the user system’s local 8-bit encoding is used (e.g., ISO 8859-1 for most of Europe; see QTextCodec.codecForLocale() for details). This can be changed using setCodec().

To write text, we can use operator<<(), which is overloaded to take a PySide.QtCore.QTextStream on the left and various data types (including PySide.QtCore.QString ) on the right:
file = QFile("out.txt")
if not file.open(QIODevice.WriteOnly | QIODevice.Text):
    return

out = QTextStream(file)
out << "The magic number is: " << 49 << "\n"
PySide.QtCore.QDataStream is similar, in that you can use operator<<() to write data and operator>>() to read it back. See the class documentation for details.

When you use PySide.QtCore.QFile , PySide.QtCore.QFileInfo , and PySide.QtCore.QDir to access the file system with Qt, you can use Unicode file names. On Unix, these file names are converted to an 8-bit encoding. If you want to use standard C++ APIs (<cstdio> or <iostream> ) or platform-specific APIs to access files instead of PySide.QtCore.QFile , you can use the PySide.QtCore.QFile.encodeName() and PySide.QtCore.QFile.decodeName() functions to convert between Unicode file names and 8-bit file names.

On Unix, there are some special system files (e.g. in /proc ) for which PySide.QtCore.QFile.size() will always return 0, yet you may still be able to read more data from such a file; the data is generated in direct response to you calling PySide.QtCore.QIODevice.read() . In this case, however, you cannot use PySide.QtCore.QFile.atEnd() to determine if there is more data to read (since PySide.QtCore.QFile.atEnd() will return true for a file that claims to have size 0). Instead, you should either call PySide.QtCore.QIODevice.readAll() , or call PySide.QtCore.QIODevice.read() or PySide.QtCore.QIODevice.readLine() repeatedly until no more data can be read. The next example uses PySide.QtCore.QTextStream to read /proc/modules line by line:
file = QFile("/proc/modules")
if not file.open(QIODevice.ReadOnly | QIODevice.Text):
    return

in = QTextStream(file)
line = in.readLine()
while not line.isNull():
    process_line(line)
    line = in.readLine()

Signals¶

Unlike other PySide.QtCore.QIODevice implementations, such as PySide.QtNetwork.QTcpSocket , PySide.QtCore.QFile does not emit the PySide.QtCore.QIODevice.aboutToClose() , PySide.QtCore.QIODevice.bytesWritten() , or PySide.QtCore.QIODevice.readyRead() signals. This implementation detail means that PySide.QtCore.QFile is not suitable for reading and writing certain types of files, such as device files on Unix platforms.

Platform Specific Issues¶

File permissions are handled differently on Linux/Mac OS X and Windows. In a non writable directory on Linux, files cannot be created. This is not always the case on Windows, where, for instance, the ‘My Documents’ directory usually is not writable, but it is still possible to create files in it.

See also

PySide.QtCore.QTextStream PySide.QtCore.QDataStream PySide.QtCore.QFileInfo PySide.QtCore.QDir The Qt Resource System

class PySide.QtCore.QFile¶

class PySide.QtCore.QFile(parent)

class PySide.QtCore.QFile(name)

class PySide.QtCore.QFile(name, parent)

Parameters:	parent – `PySide.QtCore.QObject` name – unicode

Constructs a new file object with the given parent .

Constructs a new file object to represent the file with the given name .

Constructs a new file object with the given parent to represent the file with the specified name .

PySide.QtCore.QFile.FileError¶

This enum describes the errors that may be returned by the PySide.QtCore.QFile.error() function.

Constant	Description
QFile.NoError	No error occurred.
QFile.ReadError	An error occurred when reading from the file.
QFile.WriteError	An error occurred when writing to the file.
QFile.FatalError	A fatal error occurred.
QFile.ResourceError
QFile.OpenError	The file could not be opened.
QFile.AbortError	The operation was aborted.
QFile.TimeOutError	A timeout occurred.
QFile.UnspecifiedError	An unspecified error occurred.
QFile.RemoveError	The file could not be removed.
QFile.RenameError	The file could not be renamed.
QFile.PositionError	The position in the file could not be changed.
QFile.ResizeError	The file could not be resized.
QFile.PermissionsError	The file could not be accessed.
QFile.CopyError	The file could not be copied.

PySide.QtCore.QFile.FileHandleFlag¶

This enum is used when opening a file to specify additional options which only apply to files and not to a generic PySide.QtCore.QIODevice .

Constant	Description
QFile.AutoCloseHandle	The file handle passed into `PySide.QtCore.QFile.open()` should be closed by `PySide.QtCore.QFile.close()` , the default behaviour is that close just flushes the file and the application is responsible for closing the file handle. When opening a file by name, this flag is ignored as Qt always “owns” the file handle and must close it.
QFile.DontCloseHandle	The file handle passed into `PySide.QtCore.QFile.open()` will not be closed by Qt. The application must ensure that `PySide.QtCore.QFile.close()` is called.

Note

This enum was introduced or modified in Qt 4.8

PySide.QtCore.QFile.MemoryMapFlags¶

This enum describes special options that may be used by the PySide.QtCore.QFile.map() function.

Constant	Description
QFile.NoOptions	No options.

PySide.QtCore.QFile.Permission¶

This enum is used by the permission() function to report the permissions and ownership of a file. The values may be OR-ed together to test multiple permissions and ownership values.

Constant	Description
QFile.ReadOwner	The file is readable by the owner of the file.
QFile.WriteOwner	The file is writable by the owner of the file.
QFile.ExeOwner	The file is executable by the owner of the file.
QFile.ReadUser	The file is readable by the user.
QFile.WriteUser	The file is writable by the user.
QFile.ExeUser	The file is executable by the user.
QFile.ReadGroup	The file is readable by the group.
QFile.WriteGroup	The file is writable by the group.
QFile.ExeGroup	The file is executable by the group.
QFile.ReadOther	The file is readable by anyone.
QFile.WriteOther	The file is writable by anyone.
QFile.ExeOther	The file is executable by anyone.

Warning

Because of differences in the platforms supported by Qt, the semantics of ReadUser , WriteUser and ExeUser are platform-dependent: On Unix, the rights of the owner of the file are returned and on Windows the rights of the current user are returned. This behavior might change in a future Qt version.

Note that Qt does not by default check for permissions on NTFS file systems, as this may decrease the performance of file handling considerably. It is possible to force permission checking on NTFS by including the following code in your source:

extern Q_CORE_EXPORT int qt_ntfs_permission_lookup;

Permission checking is then turned on and off by incrementing and decrementing qt_ntfs_permission_lookup by 1.

qt_ntfs_permission_lookup += 1 // turn checking on
qt_ntfs_permission_lookup += 1 // turn it off again

PySide.QtCore.QFile.copy(newName)¶

Parameters:	newName – unicode
Return type:	`PySide.QtCore.bool`

Copies the file currently specified by PySide.QtCore.QFile.fileName() to a file called newName . Returns true if successful; otherwise returns false.

Note that if a file with the name newName already exists, PySide.QtCore.QFile.copy() returns false (i.e. PySide.QtCore.QFile will not overwrite it).

The source file is closed before it is copied.

See also

PySide.QtCore.QFile.setFileName()

static PySide.QtCore.QFile.copy(fileName, newName)

Parameters:	fileName – unicode newName – unicode
Return type:	`PySide.QtCore.bool`

This is an overloaded function.

Copies the file fileName to newName . Returns true if successful; otherwise returns false.

If a file with the name newName already exists, PySide.QtCore.QFile.copy() returns false (i.e., PySide.QtCore.QFile will not overwrite it).

See also

PySide.QtCore.QFile.rename()

static PySide.QtCore.QFile.decodeName(localFileName)¶

Parameters:	localFileName – str
Return type:	unicode

This is an overloaded function.

Returns the Unicode version of the given localFileName . See PySide.QtCore.QFile.encodeName() for details.

static PySide.QtCore.QFile.decodeName(localFileName)

Parameters:	localFileName – `PySide.QtCore.QByteArray`
Return type:	unicode

This does the reverse of QFile.encodeName() using localFileName .

See also

setDecodingFunction() PySide.QtCore.QFile.encodeName()

static PySide.QtCore.QFile.encodeName(fileName)¶

Parameters:	fileName – unicode
Return type:	`PySide.QtCore.QByteArray`

By default, this function converts fileName to the local 8-bit encoding determined by the user’s locale. This is sufficient for file names that the user chooses. File names hard-coded into the application should only use 7-bit ASCII filename characters.

See also

PySide.QtCore.QFile.decodeName() setEncodingFunction()

PySide.QtCore.QFile.error()¶

Return type:	`PySide.QtCore.QFile.FileError`

Returns the file error status.

The I/O device status returns an error code. For example, if PySide.QtCore.QFile.open() returns false, or a read/write operation returns -1, this function can be called to find out the reason why the operation failed.

See also

PySide.QtCore.QFile.unsetError()

static PySide.QtCore.QFile.exists(fileName)¶

Parameters:	fileName – unicode
Return type:	`PySide.QtCore.bool`

Returns true if the file specified by fileName exists; otherwise returns false.

PySide.QtCore.QFile.exists()

Return type:	`PySide.QtCore.bool`

This is an overloaded function.

Returns true if the file specified by PySide.QtCore.QFile.fileName() exists; otherwise returns false.

PySide.QtCore.QFile.fileEngine()¶

Return type:	`PySide.QtCore.QAbstractFileEngine`

Returns the QIOEngine for this PySide.QtCore.QFile object.

PySide.QtCore.QFile.fileName()¶

Return type:	unicode

Returns the name set by PySide.QtCore.QFile.setFileName() or to the PySide.QtCore.QFile constructors.

PySide.QtCore.QFile.flush()¶

Return type:	`PySide.QtCore.bool`

Flushes any buffered data to the file. Returns true if successful; otherwise returns false.

PySide.QtCore.QFile.handle()¶

Return type:	`PySide.QtCore.int`

Returns the file handle of the file.

This is a small positive integer, suitable for use with C library functions such as fdopen() and fcntl(). On systems that use file descriptors for sockets (i.e. Unix systems, but not Windows) the handle can be used with PySide.QtCore.QSocketNotifier as well.

If the file is not open, or there is an error, PySide.QtCore.QFile.handle() returns -1.

This function is not supported on Windows CE.

On Symbian, this function returns -1 if the file was opened normally, as Symbian OS native file handles do not fit in an int, and are incompatible with C library functions that the handle would be used for. If the file was opened using the overloads that take an open C library file handle / file descriptor, then this function returns that same handle.

See also

PySide.QtCore.QSocketNotifier

static PySide.QtCore.QFile.link(oldname, newName)¶

Parameters:	oldname – unicode newName – unicode
Return type:	`PySide.QtCore.bool`

This is an overloaded function.

Creates a link named linkName that points to the file fileName . What a link is depends on the underlying filesystem (be it a shortcut on Windows or a symbolic link on Unix). Returns true if successful; otherwise returns false.

See also

PySide.QtCore.QFile.link()

PySide.QtCore.QFile.link(newName)

Parameters:	newName – unicode
Return type:	`PySide.QtCore.bool`

Creates a link named linkName that points to the file currently specified by PySide.QtCore.QFile.fileName() . What a link is depends on the underlying filesystem (be it a shortcut on Windows or a symbolic link on Unix). Returns true if successful; otherwise returns false.

This function will not overwrite an already existing entity in the file system; in this case, link() will return false and set PySide.QtCore.QFile.error() to return RenameError .

Note

To create a valid link on Windows, linkName must have a .lnk file extension.

Note

Symbian filesystem does not support links.

See also

PySide.QtCore.QFile.setFileName()

PySide.QtCore.QFile.map(offset, size[, flags=NoOptions])¶

Parameters:	offset – `PySide.QtCore.qint64` size – `PySide.QtCore.qint64` flags – `PySide.QtCore.QFile.MemoryMapFlags`
Return type:	PyObject

Maps size bytes of the file into memory starting at offset . A file should be open for a map to succeed but the file does not need to stay open after the memory has been mapped. When the PySide.QtCore.QFile is destroyed or a new file is opened with this object, any maps that have not been unmapped will automatically be unmapped.

Any mapping options can be passed through flags .

Returns a pointer to the memory or 0 if there is an error.

Note

On Windows CE 5.0 the file will be closed before mapping occurs.

PySide.QtCore.QFile.open(fd, flags)¶

Parameters:	fd – `PySide.QtCore.int` flags – `PySide.QtCore.QIODevice.OpenMode`
Return type:	`PySide.QtCore.bool`

PySide.QtCore.QFile.open(fd, ioFlags, handleFlags)

Parameters:	fd – `PySide.QtCore.int` ioFlags – `PySide.QtCore.QIODevice.OpenMode` handleFlags – `PySide.QtCore.QFile.FileHandleFlags`
Return type:	`PySide.QtCore.bool`

PySide.QtCore.QFile.permissions()¶

Return type:	`PySide.QtCore.QFile.Permissions`

Returns the complete OR-ed together combination of QFile.Permission for the file.

static PySide.QtCore.QFile.permissions(filename)

Parameters:	filename – unicode
Return type:	`PySide.QtCore.QFile.Permissions`

This is an overloaded function.

Returns the complete OR-ed together combination of QFile.Permission for fileName .

PySide.QtCore.QFile.readLink()¶

Return type:	unicode

Use PySide.QtCore.QFile.symLinkTarget() instead.

static PySide.QtCore.QFile.readLink(fileName)

Parameters:	fileName – unicode
Return type:	unicode

Use PySide.QtCore.QFile.symLinkTarget() instead.

PySide.QtCore.QFile.remove()¶

Return type:	`PySide.QtCore.bool`

Removes the file specified by PySide.QtCore.QFile.fileName() . Returns true if successful; otherwise returns false.

The file is closed before it is removed.

See also

PySide.QtCore.QFile.setFileName()

static PySide.QtCore.QFile.remove(fileName)

Parameters:	fileName – unicode
Return type:	`PySide.QtCore.bool`

This is an overloaded function.

Removes the file specified by the fileName given.

Returns true if successful; otherwise returns false.

See also

PySide.QtCore.QFile.remove()

PySide.QtCore.QFile.rename(newName)¶

Parameters:	newName – unicode
Return type:	`PySide.QtCore.bool`

Renames the file currently specified by PySide.QtCore.QFile.fileName() to newName . Returns true if successful; otherwise returns false.

If a file with the name newName already exists, PySide.QtCore.QFile.rename() returns false (i.e., PySide.QtCore.QFile will not overwrite it).

The file is closed before it is renamed.

See also

PySide.QtCore.QFile.setFileName()

static PySide.QtCore.QFile.rename(oldName, newName)

Parameters:	oldName – unicode newName – unicode
Return type:	`PySide.QtCore.bool`

This is an overloaded function.

Renames the file oldName to newName . Returns true if successful; otherwise returns false.

If a file with the name newName already exists, PySide.QtCore.QFile.rename() returns false (i.e., PySide.QtCore.QFile will not overwrite it).

See also

PySide.QtCore.QFile.rename()

static PySide.QtCore.QFile.resize(filename, sz)¶

Parameters:	filename – unicode sz – `PySide.QtCore.qint64`
Return type:	`PySide.QtCore.bool`

This is an overloaded function.

Sets fileName to size (in bytes) sz . Returns true if the file if the resize succeeds; false otherwise. If sz is larger than fileName currently is the new bytes will be set to 0, if sz is smaller the file is simply truncated.

See also

PySide.QtCore.QFile.resize()

PySide.QtCore.QFile.resize(sz)

Parameters:	sz – `PySide.QtCore.qint64`
Return type:	`PySide.QtCore.bool`

Sets the file size (in bytes) sz . Returns true if the file if the resize succeeds; false otherwise. If sz is larger than the file currently is the new bytes will be set to 0, if sz is smaller the file is simply truncated.

See also

PySide.QtCore.QFile.size() PySide.QtCore.QFile.setFileName()

PySide.QtCore.QFile.setFileName(name)¶

Parameters:	name – unicode

Sets the name of the file. The name can have no path, a relative path, or an absolute path.

Do not call this function if the file has already been opened.

If the file name has no path or a relative path, the path used will be the application’s current directory path at the time of the :meth:`PySide.QtCore.QFile.open` * call.

Example:

file = QFile()
QDir.setCurrent("/tmp")
file.setFileName("readme.txt")
QDir.setCurrent("/home")
file.open(QIODevice.ReadOnly)       # opens "/home/readme.txt" under Unix

Note that the directory separator “/” works for all operating systems supported by Qt.

static PySide.QtCore.QFile.setPermissions(filename, permissionSpec)¶

Parameters:	filename – unicode permissionSpec – `PySide.QtCore.QFile.Permissions`
Return type:	`PySide.QtCore.bool`

PySide.QtCore.QFile.setPermissions(permissionSpec)

Parameters:	permissionSpec – `PySide.QtCore.QFile.Permissions`
Return type:	`PySide.QtCore.bool`

static PySide.QtCore.QFile.symLinkTarget(fileName)¶

Parameters:	fileName – unicode
Return type:	unicode

Returns the absolute path of the file or directory referred to by the symlink (or shortcut on Windows) specified by fileName , or returns an empty string if the fileName does not correspond to a symbolic link.

This name may not represent an existing file; it is only a string. QFile.exists() returns true if the symlink points to an existing file.

PySide.QtCore.QFile.symLinkTarget()

Return type:	unicode

This is an overloaded function.

Returns the absolute path of the file or directory a symlink (or shortcut on Windows) points to, or a an empty string if the object isn’t a symbolic link.

This name may not represent an existing file; it is only a string. QFile.exists() returns true if the symlink points to an existing file.

PySide.QtCore.QFile.unmap(address)¶

Parameters:	address – `PySide.QtCore.uchar`
Return type:	`PySide.QtCore.bool`

Unmaps the memory address .

Returns true if the unmap succeeds; false otherwise.

PySide.QtCore.QFile.unsetError()¶: Sets the file’s error to QFile.NoError .

See also

PySide.QtCore.QFile.error()

Table Of Contents

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QFile¶

Synopsis¶

Functions¶

Virtual functions¶

Static functions¶

Detailed Description¶

Reading Files Directly¶

Using Streams to Read Files¶

Signals¶

Platform Specific Issues¶

Table Of Contents

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Quick search

QFile¶

Synopsis¶

Functions¶

Virtual functions¶

Static functions¶

Detailed Description¶

Reading Files Directly¶

Using Streams to Read Files¶

Signals¶

Platform Specific Issues¶